Analysis of coupled electromagnetical and thermal fields in the
instationary case
The handling of mission-critical
devices, e.g. electro-mechanical actuators, requires an exact calculation
of the electromagnetic field. For this kind of task thermal influences
on the electrical behaviour cannot be neglected. Furthermore stationary
solutions will not longer be sufficient for the coupled problem.
We combined the Maxwell equations excluding displacement currents together
with the instationary heat transfer equations into the finite difference
program code PROFI. The stationary solutions of this coupled problem provide
initial conditions for the instationary problem only. Because in
the stationary case the solutions of these coupled electro-thermal systems
converge often slowly, we implemented a faster algorithm, based on the
inclusion of linearized coupling terms between both field equations. A
significant speedup has been achieved. For the analysis of instationary
processes, both field problems are solved simultaneously in the time domain.
To ensure stability and physical reliability, the necessary criteria are
fulfilled by means of a variable time-step algorithm in conjunction with
automatically adapted coefficients for the implicit solution scheme.
The accuracy of the method will be illustrated by applying to a switched
relay coil. For the stationary case as well as the instationary behavior
has been achieved an excellent correspondence between the numerical
and experimental data. Also the influences of different thermal models
for regions with mixed materials, like coils built of insulated wires are
discussed.
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